Vision is a critical factor that directly affects the quality of life. Cataract disease, which results in the clouding of the lens in the eye, causes vision problems but can be treated effectively with the right intervention. Cataracts are more commonly seen as people age and typically manifest as blurred vision.
What is cataract and who is affected?
A cataract is a condition where the lens in the eye becomes cloudy, leading to a decrease in vision. Dr. Uğur Ünsal explains that cataracts are primarily age-related and are more common in individuals over 50 years old. However, cataracts can also develop due to congenital factors or trauma to the eye. Additionally, people with diabetes, those on long-term corticosteroid treatments, and individuals exposed to excessive sunlight are at higher risk for developing cataracts.
What are the symptoms of cataract?
Cataract symptoms generally develop slowly, and patients may continue with their daily routines without noticing them immediately. Over time, however, vision problems become more apparent. The most common symptoms of cataracts include:
-Blurred or cloudy vision
-Light sensitivity and glare
-Seeing colors as pale or yellowish
-Double vision or shadowy images
-Reduced night vision
Since cataracts primarily affect the clarity of vision, if left untreated, they can lead to permanent vision loss. Therefore, it is crucial for individuals who notice these symptoms to consult with an ophthalmologist.
Is cataract treatment possible?
Cataract treatment cannot be achieved with medication or glasses. The only effective treatment method is surgical intervention. Dr. Ünsal emphasizes that there is no solution for cataracts other than surgery. “Thanks to advancements in technology, cataract surgeries are now performed safely. Cataract surgery involves removing the cloudy lens from the eye and replacing it with an artificial lens,” he explains.
How is cataract surgery performed?
Cataract surgery is typically performed under local anesthesia with eye drops. During this procedure, patients do not feel any pain, and the operation takes approximately 10-15 minutes. The most commonly used technique today is phacoemulsification (FAKO), where ultrasound waves are used to break up and remove the cataract, after which a new lens is implanted. Phacoemulsification is a safe and effective technique widely used in cataract surgery.
Since no incisions are made during the procedure, recovery is rapid. Once the cloudiness in the eye is removed, patients often begin to see clearly in a short period of time.
Post-surgery recovery process
After cataract surgery, the recovery process is generally quick and smooth. Patients can usually be discharged on the same day. A slight burning sensation and blurry vision in the first few days are normal. However, vision clarity typically improves within a few days, and patients can return to their daily activities.
During the recovery period, it is important to follow certain precautions. Patients should use the prescribed eye drops regularly, maintain proper eye hygiene, and attend follow-up appointments with their doctor.
Is cataract surgery risky?
As with any surgical procedure, cataract surgery carries some risks. However, modern techniques have minimized these risks significantly. Dr. Ünsal points out that complications such as infection, increased intraocular pressure, or rarely retinal detachment can occur after cataract surgery. Nevertheless, these complications are very rare, and the risks are much lower when the surgery is performed by an experienced surgeon. Additionally, the pre- and post-surgery process is well-managed in most cases.
When should cataract surgery be performed?
If left untreated, cataracts can lead to vision loss and a decline in quality of life. Anyone diagnosed with cataracts should consult with an ophthalmologist before experiencing significant vision loss. Dr. Ünsal emphasizes, “The decision for surgery depends on how much the cataract affects the patient’s daily life. For patients experiencing vision loss and reduced quality of life, surgical intervention is the most effective solution,” highlighting the importance of early diagnosis.
Cataract treatment can be effectively and safely performed with surgery. Early diagnosis and treatment can prevent vision loss and improve the patient’s quality of life. It is essential for individuals with cataracts to consult an ophthalmologist without delay to protect both their health and their quality of life.
